The Department of Mathematics at Pondicherry University was founded in 1986, it serves as a center for advanced mathematical education and scholarly research. Operating within the Ramanujan School of Mathematical Sciences, the department provides a well-rounded academic pathway that includes a 4-year B.Sc. (Honours), a 5-year Integrated M.Sc., a 2-year M.Sc., and a doctoral Ph.D. program. Its core curriculum equips students with rigorous training in essential domains like algebra, real and complex analysis, topology, graph theory, and differential equations, preparing them for academic careers, industry roles, and advanced scientific investigation.

To maintain high standards of learning and research, the department has consistently secured substantial infrastructural and financial backing from major national agencies. Academic development has been bolstered through the Department of Science and Technology's (DST) FIST program, as well as sequential grants from the University Grants Commission's Special Assistance Programme (UGC-SAP DRS-I from 2009–2014 and DRS-II from 2015–2020). Additionally, ongoing support from the National Board for Higher Mathematics (NBHM) continually expands its specialized library collection, while IT-enabled computer laboratories, specialized mathematical software, and high-speed internet access foster an ideal environment for computational research and collaboration.